Final answer:
The pigmentation of the skin is influenced by factors such as melanin, carotene pigments, and oxygenated hemoglobin.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pigmentation of the skin is influenced by several factors, including the amount of blood in capillaries, the type of keratin produced, and the amount of carotene pigments. Additionally, levels of melanin, oxygenated hemoglobin, and chlorophyll also play a role in skin pigmentation.
For example, melanin, which is produced by melanocytes, determines the color of the skin. Carotene pigments give the skin a yellowish tint, while oxygenated hemoglobin contributes a pinkish color to the skin when the underlying capillaries dilate, allowing increased blood flow near the surface.
Based on this information, the correct answer is option a) 1, 3, 4, as it includes the factors that play a role in the pigmentation of the skin.