Final answer:
Antacids, including H₂ blockers and proton pump inhibitors, are the class of drugs prescribed for GERD and available over the counter for upset stomach relief. These medications neutralize stomach acid, providing symptom relief from heartburn and indigestion, and are used to treat a variety of stomach-acid-related conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The class of drugs commonly prescribed for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) that are now available over the counter for upset stomach are antacids. These substances work by neutralizing the excess hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach, providing quick relief from heartburn, which is the major symptom of GERD, as well as indigestion.
Antacids, like Ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid AC), and cimetidine (Tagamet), are H₂ blockers that decrease the amount of acid made in the stomach. They are used to treat not only GERD but also ulcers and conditions where the stomach produces too much acid, such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Another class of medication that helps reduce stomach acid is proton pump inhibitors like Omeprazole (Prilosec). However, it's important to note that antacids do not kill the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, which causes most ulcers. When ulcers are caused by this infection, antibiotics are the effective treatment.
For those experiencing GERD or occasional heartburn, lifestyle changes are often recommended to reduce symptoms. This may include eating smaller meals, avoiding fatty foods, and not taking certain medications on an empty stomach.