Final answer:
The high incidence of Huntington's disease in the Afrikaner population due to certain genes from a small group of Dutch settlers is an example of the founder effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
The high frequency of Huntington's disease in the Afrikaner population of South Africa due to a few Dutch settlers carrying the gene is an example of the founder effect. The founder effect happens when a new population is established by a small number of individuals, and as a result, the genetic makeup of the new population is not representative of the original. Because the Dutch settlers were a small sample of the original population, the genetic disorder, which was carried by a few, became more common in their descendants than it might be in a larger, more varied population.