Question

Many objects designed by engineers have "circulatory systems" of one type or another. Describe at least three or four examples. Why do engineers sometimes include systems of flowing fluids in objects they design? We often hear it said that animal systems can teach us how to design engineered systems. If you were a biologist teaching a group of engineers about the lessons of animal circulatory systems, what principles would you emphasize?

A) Efficient transportation of nutrients, waste removal, cooling systems, and communication networks.
B) Geometric shapes, aesthetic appeal, structural integrity, and mechanical strength.
C) Soundproofing, insulation, energy conservation, and modular design.
D) Digital interfaces, automated control systems, energy efficiency, and renewable energy sources.

Answer 1

Engineers include systems of flowing fluids in objects they design for various reasons. Examples include heat exchangers, hydraulic systems, and piping systems. Option A is correct.

Step-by-step explanation:

Engineers include systems of flowing fluids in objects they design for various reasons. The circulatory systems in animals can provide inspiration and guidance for engineers when designing their systems. Some examples of objects designed by engineers with circulatory systems include:

Heat Exchangers: Heat exchangers are devices that use a circulating fluid, such as water or coolant, to transfer heat from one medium to another. They are commonly used in HVAC systems, refrigeration units, and car engines.

Hydraulic Systems: Hydraulic systems use pressurized fluids, usually oil or another hydraulic fluid, to transmit power. They are used in heavy machinery, construction equipment, and aircraft landing gear.

Piping Systems: Piping systems transport fluids, such as water or gas, from one location to another. They are used in plumbing, heating systems, and oil pipelines.

When engineers include systems of flowing fluids in their designs, it allows for efficient transportation of resources, such as nutrients and waste. It also enables cooling systems to regulate temperature and communication networks to facilitate the exchange of information.

If I were a biologist teaching a group of engineers about the lessons of animal circulatory systems, I would emphasize the following principles:

Efficient transportation of nutrients: Animal circulatory systems ensure efficient delivery of nutrients to all body cells, which is essential for their proper functioning.

Waste removal: Circulatory systems also play a crucial role in removing waste products from cells and organs, maintaining a clean and healthy environment within the body.

Cooling systems: Animal circulatory systems help regulate body temperature by transporting heat throughout the body and dissipating it through various mechanisms.

Communication networks: Animal circulatory systems facilitate the exchange of information between different parts of the body, enabling coordinated responses and efficient functioning.