Final answer:
Amylase is an enzyme used to break down starches into sugars such as dextrins, maltose, and glucose, which is why it is commonly used in the brewing, textile, and paper industries for processes that involve conversion and breakdown of starch.
Step-by-step explanation:
Amylases are enzymes that play a crucial role in the breakdown of starch into simpler sugars such as dextrins, maltose, and glucose. In the human body, amylases initiate the digestion of carbohydrates by transforming starch and glycogen into glucose, which is crucial for providing energy to cells. The question asks which industries are most likely to use amylase, considering that amylases convert starch into simple sugars.The brewing industry heavily relies on amylases for the conversion of starches found in grains into fermentable sugars, which are then turned into alcohol during the fermentation process. Additionally, the textile industry also utilizes amylases, particularly in the process of removing starch-based size that is applied to yarn and fabric during production. Lastly, the paper industry may use amylase when producing paper from starch-coated paper products as part of the recycling process.Based on the information provided, the industries most likely to use amylase are the brewing industry (c), the textile industry (a), and the paper industry (b). The petroleum industry (d), however, does not commonly use amylases, as their processes do not typically involve the breakdown of starches.