Final answer:
Trial presentations like sanctions are techniques for persuasion within legal and social systems, used to enforce norms or acknowledge conformity, with forms varying from formal (official recognition) to informal (social interactions).
Step-by-step explanation:
Trial presentations like sanctions are c) Techniques for persuasion. Sanctions are a means of enforcing rules within a society or a legal system and can be both positive and negative. Formal sanctions are the official ways to recognize and enforce norm violations or acknowledge conformity to norms. For example, being expelled from college for violating a code of conduct is a formal negative sanction, while receiving an official commendation for saving a life is a formal positive sanction. Informal sanctions, on the other hand, occur through social interactions, such as receiving a disapproving look for wearing flip-flops to the opera, which is an informal negative sanction. Cultural sanctions regulate behavior by encouraging conformity to societal norms and values.