Final answer:
The organization of information in the speech from a general statement about global temperatures to specific examples is an instance of inductive reasoning. This method looks at particulars to form a general conclusion, which can then be used as a premise in deductive reasoning.The correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
When you organize your speech by starting with a general statement like "global temperature is melting ice in Antarctica" and then provide specific examples to support this generalization, you are employing inductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning involves looking at specific instances or observations and formulating a general conclusion or theory based on those instances.
In the context of scientific methodology, inductive reasoning can lead to a hypothesis that can then be tested using deductive reasoning. For example, if scientists observe that ice is melting in various parts of the world and then conclude that global temperatures are rising, they are using inductive reasoning. This general conclusion about global warming can then serve as a premise for further deductive reasoning, where predictions can be made and tested, such as the expectation that if global temperatures are rising, the distribution of plants and animals should change.
In your speech, by using global warming as a premise to demonstrate specific changes around the world, you are effectively demonstrating inductive reasoning. You move from a broad observation about global temperature rise to the particular examples of the impact seen in various locations.