Final answer:
Surrealism was notably influenced by Freudian psychoanalysis, embracing Sigmund Freud's theories on the unconscious mind and dreams to create art that symbolized the subconscious with dreamlike and unconventional imagery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Influence of Freudian Psychoanalysis on Surrealism
Surrealism, with its extensive use of symbolism and focus on the unconscious, was significantly influenced by Freudian psychoanalysis. This cultural movement, beginning in the 1920s, explored the power of the unconscious mind, drawing from the theories proposed by Sigmund Freud in his book, 'The Interpretation of Dreams.' Freud's ideas about dreams revealing real human emotions and desires deeply impacted Surrealist artists, who emphasized the role of automatism and the subconscious in their creative process.
Surrealists aimed to liberate their imaginations, following Freud's methods of free association, to generate surprising and whimsical imagery that often juxtaposed elements of nature in illogical settings. The art movement is well-known for its dreamlike and eccentric visuals, meant to make viewers question their preconceived notions of imagery and art. Surrealism's goal was the symbolic representation of the subconscious mind through their art, as opposed to realistic or conventionally representative expression.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question of what influenced Surrealism is d) Freudian psychoanalysis.