Final answer:
Permeases are typically associated with facilitated diffusion and do not always require ATP, unlike the other options listed, which are active transporters that do require energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which of the listed options is not an active transporter. Among the choices presented, A) symporters, B) P-class pumps, D) bacteriorhodopsin, and E) ABC transporters are all active transporters because they require energy, usually in the form of ATP, to move substances against their concentration gradient. On the other hand, C) permeases are generally associated with facilitated diffusion, which does not necessarily involve the direct use of cellular energy. Therefore, permeases would be the correct answer as they are not exclusive to active transport.
Active transport is necessary for a cell to maintain concentrations of ions and small molecules that are different from those of the surrounding environment. This biological process is critical for maintaining cellular function and homeostasis.