Final answer:
Drugs in the controlled substances log are categorized by legal status, reflecting medical use, abuse potential, and dependence risk. Psychoactive drugs, affecting the mind, are sorted into recognized classes like stimulants and depressants based on their effects. The correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
Drugs are categorized in the controlled substances log by legal status. This classification system is based on the drug's accepted medical use, the potential for abuse, and the likelihood of causing dependence when abused. Psychoactive drugs, which are substances that affect the mind or behavior, are divided into different classes according to their pharmacological effects.
These classes include stimulants, depressants, anxiolytics, euphoriants, hallucinogens, and empathogens. Examples of commonly used drugs in each class might be caffeine for stimulants, alcohol for depressants, benzodiazepines for anxiolytics, opioids for euphoriants, LSD for hallucinogens, and MDMA for empathogens.
Each class has a distinct set of effects on the central nervous system and is subject to varying degrees of control and regulation.