Final answer:
It was through the musical innovations of the Florentine Camerata that opera was born. Option A is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
It was through the musical innovations of the Florentine Camerata that opera was born. The Florentine Camerata was a group of humanists, poets, musicians, and intellectuals in late Renaissance Florence who met to discuss literature, science, and the arts.
Their efforts to revive the music of ancient Greece led to the development of monody, which significantly influenced the musical texture of the baroque era and paved the way for the creation of opera, a form that sought to synthesize music, drama, and scenic design into a coherent whole.
The other options mentioned, such as the Vienna Philharmonic and the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, are renowned orchestras that came much later, and the Roman Catholic Church, while influential in keeping theatre alive during medieval times, was not directly responsible for the invention of opera.