The heat of vaporization and normal boiling point of a liquid can be calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation with given vapor pressure-temperature pairs. First, convert all measurements to appropriate units, apply the equation to find heat of vaporization, and then use it again to find the normal boiling point.
To calculate the heat of vaporization (Hvap) and the normal boiling point of a liquid, we can use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which relates the vapor pressure of a substance to its temperature. We are given two vapor pressure-temperature pairs: at 23 °C, the pressure is 92 torr, and at 45 °C, the pressure is 215 torr. To find the Hvap, we must first convert these temperatures to Kelvin and pressures to atmospheres. Then, we plug these values into the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and solve for Hvap.
For the normal boiling point, we look for the temperature at which the vapor pressure is equal to 1 atm (760 torr). By rearranging the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and using the value of Hvap calculated earlier, we can solve for this temperature.