Final answer:
Corns are caused by continued improper shoeing, prolonged lameness, or excessive dryness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is b) Corns.
Corns are caused by continued improper shoeing, prolonged lameness, or excessive dryness. When shoes do not fit well, they can cause constant abrasion on the toes, leading to the formation of calluses.
Corns are specialized forms of calluses that form from abrasions on the skin resulting from an elliptical-type motion.
They can be painful and can develop if proper shoeing is not done or if there is prolonged lameness. Excessive dryness can also contribute to the formation of corns.