Question

A family of a patient with Alzheimer's disease asks the nurse what causes this condition? Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

a. "The numerous drugs that he was taking contributed to his current confusion."
b. "A specific gene is involved in the development of this disorder."
c. "This condition is most likely due to a stroke that the patient didn't realize he had."
d. "Evidence shows that there are changes in nerve cells and brain chemicals."

Answer 1

Option d is the correct answer. The most appropriate response regarding the cause of Alzheimer's disease is that changes occur in nerve cells and brain chemicals. Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are key features in the disease's progression, and while genetics can contribute to risk, lifestyle factors also play a part.

Step-by-step explanation:

In response to the question about what causes Alzheimer's disease, the most appropriate answer by the nurse would be: "Evidence shows that there are changes in nerve cells and brain chemicals." Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, which lead to the loss of synapses and death of neurons. These changes are among the hallmarks of Alzheimer's and contribute to the decline in cognitive function. While genetics play a role, with early onset Alzheimer's disease often caused by mutations in one of three known genes, the more common late-onset variation also has a genetic component. Specifically, the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene's E4 variant has been associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's. Moreover, lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, and cardiovascular health may influence the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, and engaging in intellectual activities might lower that risk.