Final answer:
Postoperative care after a tracheostomy includes a spare tracheostomy tube, a plug or cap, and cleaning supplies to maintain an open airway, support breathing and speaking functions, and prevent infection as the patient recovers from anesthesia.
Step-by-step explanation:
After a tracheostomy, which is a surgical procedure to create a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (windpipe), certain items are sent with the patient postoperatively to ensure proper airway management and care. This typically includes a spare tracheostomy tube, a tracheostomy plug or cap, and cleaning supplies for the stoma (the opening in the neck). The spare tube is sent in case the current one becomes dislodged or obstructed. The tracheostomy plug or cap can be used to close the tracheostomy tube when the patient can breathe independently, which assists in the development of normal speech and also helps to strengthen the muscles used in breathing. Cleaning supplies are necessary to maintain hygiene around the stoma and prevent infection.
The items ensure the airway remains open and clear of secretions and that the site remains clean to avoid the risks of infection. As the muscles affected by general anesthesia, such as those for breathing and tongue movement, begin to regain strength after surgery, these supplies are essential for patient safety and recovery.