Question

A nurse is caring for the following patients. Which patient is at highest risk for an adverse drug reaction?

Select one:
a. An 89 year old woman.
b. A 55 year old woman.
c. A 37 year old man.
d. A 12 year old boy.

Answer 1

An 89-year-old woman is generally at the highest risk for an adverse drug reaction due to age-related changes in metabolism, potential for polypharmacy, and increased likelihood of medication errors.

Step-by-step explanation:

In assessing which patient is at the highest risk for an adverse drug reaction, various factors need to be considered, including patient age, medication use, and the presence of multiple health conditions. An 89-year-old woman is typically at higher risk due to physiological changes associated with aging, such as decreased kidney and liver function which impact drug metabolism and excretion, the potential for multiple drug use (polypharmacy), and the increased likelihood of comorbidities. Additionally, the elderly population is more prone to medication errors and fractures due to potential side effects like dizziness or confusion that can lead to falls.

Comparatively, younger adults and children, such as a 55-year-old woman, a 37-year-old man, and a 12-year-old boy, generally have more robust liver and kidney function and may be on fewer medications, thus presenting a lower risk for adverse drug reactions. However, it is essential to consider an individual's overall health status and specific medication use when determining the risk of an adverse drug reaction.