Final answer:
Loop diuretics are indeed capable of excreting sodium, potassium, and water in significant amounts, making the statement True. They work by inhibiting Na+ and Cl- reabsorption in the loop of Henle, leading to increased urine production.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that loop diuretics excrete sodium, potassium, and water in significant amounts is True. Loop diuretics act on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the nephrons of the kidney, where they inhibit the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions. This causes more sodium, chloride, and subsequently water to remain in the urine, because water follows the movement of sodium and chloride due to osmosis. The increased amount of water in the urine leads to an increase in urination, which is a side effect of these drugs. Additionally, because Na+ reabsorption is inhibited, there is an indirect effect of increased excretion of K+ as the kidney's efforts to retain Na+ via exchange mechanisms lead to more K+ being secreted into the tubular fluid and excreted in urine. This diuretic effect helps to lower blood pressure and treat conditions like hypertension and fluid retention.