Final answer:
The parenting style that uses rules to teach discipline is the authoritative parenting style. This style balances expectations with responsiveness and communication, leading to beneficial outcomes for children's social and emotional development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The parenting style that has rules and views discipline as a teaching opportunity is the authoritative parenting style. In the authoritative approach, parents set clear expectations and limits, yet are responsive and willing to listen to their children's opinions. They explain the reasoning behind rules and demonstrate warmth and affection, which helps children develop a healthy self-concept and achieve high self-esteem. Moreover, authoritative parents are flexible, sometimes willing to make exceptions such as relaxing bedtime rules during a family vacation.
In comparison with the authoritarian style where parents enforce strict rules and expect obedience, authoritative parenting leads to more socially competent outcomes, although some cultural contexts do find authoritarian styles to be equally effective. Permissive parenting, where few demands are made, is often associated with poor self-discipline among children. Lastly, the uninvolved or neglectful style of parenting often results in children who are emotionally withdrawn and at increased risk of negative behavior.