Final answer:
Children in middle childhood resolve the psychosocial task of industry versus inferiority, where success leads to a sense of industry and competence, and failure results in feelings of inferiority.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Erik Erikson, children resolve the psychosocial task of middle childhood through their industry. During the elementary school stage, which includes ages 7-11, the challenge they face involves industry versus inferiority. This is a period when children begin to develop a sense of pride and accomplishment in their abilities across various areas such as schoolwork, sports, and social activities. Success in this stage leads to a feeling of competence, while failure to meet these developmental goals can result in feelings of inferiority and inadequacy.
To help children develop a sense of competence, parents and teachers can provide support, opportunities for skills development, and positive feedback, among other nurturing actions. Encouraging children in this stage to take initiative and fostering their ability to complete tasks successfully can contribute to their sense of industry, allowing them to emerge from this stage with a healthy sense of self and confidence in their abilities.