Final answer:
A positive contraction stress test is marked by the presence of fetal heart rate decelerations (d-cells) with uterine contractions, indicating potential fetal distress.
Step-by-step explanation:
A positive contraction stress test involves noting the fetal heart rate (FHR) in response to uterine contractions. This test is performed to evaluate the fetus's ability to tolerate labor and to identify any potential distress.
In a positive contraction stress test, the concerning finding is the occurrence of FHR decelerations (d-cells) with uterine contractions, which suggests that the fetus may not be tolerating the contractions well. This situation can be indicative of fetal hypoxia and may lead to an emergency birth intervention such as vacuum, forceps, or Caesarian section.
So, the correct answer to the student's question is: b. FHR d-cells without contractions in 20 minutes.