Final answer:
Human perception influences data visualization through the limited and simplified way our brains process visual information, influenced by cognitive biases, experiences, and needs. Effective data visualizations must consider physical and cognitive limitations to ensure accurate interpretation and utility.
Step-by-step explanation:
Physical and cognitive limitations on human perception significantly influence data visualization. Our perception tends to present a full picture of the world, but in reality, it is a simplified version that focuses on aspects necessary for survival and decision-making. For example, when looking at a checkerboard illusion, one might initially perceive that the horizontal lines are not parallel, despite them actually being so.
Cognitive biases and constraints in human perception also play a vital role. For instance, graphical representations like charts and maps are influenced by choices made in their design, such as scale and data selection, which can lead to misinterpretation if not viewed critically. Similarly, increased cognitive demand, as observed in human factors psychology studies, can lead to a higher rate of errors in decision-making processes.
Moreover, individuals' experiences, culture, and education can make them biased towards certain interpretations of ambiguous figures or scenarios. Considering these limitations is vital for effective data visualization, ensuring that it is not only accurate but also interprets underlying data in a way that accommodates the human perceptual system.