Final answer:
Bismarck believed that the Catholic Center Party and the Social Democratic Party threatened the new German state.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bismarck believed that two groups threatened the new German state:
- The Catholic Center Party
- The Social Democratic Party (SPD)
Bismarck initially loathed both socialism and Catholicism, viewing them as threats to German unity and culture. He relaxed anti-Catholic measures and focused on measures against the SPD, which led to laws that effectively banned the SPD itself.