Final answer:
Redundancy (option a) enables a system to continue working if a component fails, and it's used across engineering disciplines. In the context of work done by a system, compression is the correct answer as it involves exerting energy to reduce volume.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that enables a system to continue functioning in the event that a particular component fails is redundancy. Redundancy involves having multiple instances of the same system component, so if one fails, others can take over without loss of functionality. This concept is widely used in various engineering disciplines including computer science, electrical engineering, and systems engineering, to ensure reliability and availability of systems.
When it comes to work being done by a system, the correct answer is compression. Work is done by a system during compression because it requires energy for the system to compress a substance. Increasing internal energy, by contrast, could be the result of work done on the system or other forms of energy transfer into the system.