Final answer:
The ideas criticizing behaviorists and suggesting that children learn language through an innate mechanism belong to Noam Chomsky, who proposed the language acquisition device (LAD) theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The criticism of behaviorists' view on language acquisition, suggesting that children learn rules of grammar before exceptions and that errors made by children are based on rules rather than random patterns, is most closely associated with the ideas of Noam Chomsky. Chomsky was a vocal critic of the behaviorist approach, which was championed by B.F. Skinner and proposed that language learning is based largely on reinforcement and feedback. Instead, Chomsky theorized that humans have an innate language acquisition device (LAD) that facilitates the learning of language. He argued that the ability to learn language is biologically predetermined, and though reinforcement plays a role, it's the innate capacity that primarily drives language development in children. This understanding of language acquisition is part of Chomsky's major contributions to the cognitive revolution in psychology.