Final answer:
Hollow structural tile (option a) is suitable for masonry walls that are either not exposed to frost action or are protected by a thick masonry facing. These tiles have a history of use in various types of construction, dating back to ancient civilizations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of load-bearing structural clay tile suitable for masonry walls not exposed to frost action or in exposed masonry protected by a facing of 3 in. (76.2 mm) or more of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry is a) Hollow structural tile. These tiles are designed for use in interior and protected exterior walls, where they provide both structure and finish with a varying amount of thermal and sound insulation.
The history of masonry and the use of materials like clay and brick dates back to ancient civilizations, such as Babylonian constructions using mud bricks and large structures like the Palace of Karnak using the post and lintel system. In the case of interior walls or walls protected from the elements by a substantial facing, hollow structural tile is a viable option, as it is not subject to the degrading effects of frost that can damage tiles with higher moisture content.