Final answer:
Quarry tile is the most suitable type of smooth structural facing tile for exposed exterior and interior masonry walls that require low absorption, stain resistance, high mechanical perfection, and minimal variation in dimensions and color.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is seeking information about a type of smooth structural facing tile that is appropriate for both exterior and interior masonry walls with specific characteristics such as low absorption, stain resistance, high mechanical perfection, and minimal variation in face dimensions along with a consistent color range. Among the options provided (glazed ceramic tile, quarry block, terra cotta, and quarry tile), the most suitable choice is d) Quarry tile. Quarry tile is known for its durability and ability to meet the requirements listed, such as low absorption rates, resistance to staining, and uniformity in size and color.
Quarry tile is manufactured from natural clay, giving it a robust composition that is ideal for areas exposed to harsh conditions. The formation process of quarry tiles involves high temperatures which make the tiles denser, thus allowing them to be exceptionally durable and suitable for use in both interior and exterior applications. Mosaics, historically used for their lasting durability, were constructed from small pieces of colored tile. While mosaics were crucial in detailed artistic applications, quarry tile is engineered for structural integrity and function in building applications.
In comparison to options like glazed ceramic tile, which may offer a wider color range but might be less durable for exterior use, or terra cotta, which could have greater variation in dimensions and absorbency, quarry tile provides a practical balance between aesthetic appeal and functional properties required for the use case described.