Final answer:
The correct answer is Option 2: Clinker brick, a durable and hard-burned brick used for paving. The process involves over-burning bricks in a kiln to achieve a tougher surface. The origin of bricks can be traced back to Mesopotamia around 7500 BCE. Option 2 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for a dense, hard-burned brick used especially for paving is Option 2: Clinker brick. These bricks are known for their durability and are often used in streets or sidewalks where a strong, wear-resistant surface is needed. The process of creating clinker bricks involves over-burning them in a kiln, which gives them a darker color and harder surface compared to regular bricks.
The history of brickmaking dates back to around 7500 BCE in Mesopotamia, where bricks were made by mixing earth and water. In different civilizations, they also used mud, loam, sand, and water, which were then sun-dried to harden. While bricks are still widely used today, clinker bricks are a specific type suited for applications that require a tougher material.