Final answer:
S.J. Singer and G.L. Nicolson proposed the Fluid Mosaic Model of membrane structure in 1972.
Step-by-step explanation:
The groundbreaking Fluid Mosaic Model of membrane structure, proposed in 1972 by S.J. Singer and G.L. Nicolson, revolutionized our understanding of cell membranes. Deviating from the earlier Davson-Danielli model, Singer and Nicolson introduced the concept of a dynamic, fluid membrane with lipids forming a bilayer interspersed with proteins. In this model, proteins were not just superficial coatings but integral components embedded within the lipid bilayer. The term "fluid mosaic" aptly captures the dynamic nature of membranes, where lipids and proteins are in constant motion, contributing to membrane flexibility and functionality. This influential model laid the foundation for subsequent advancements in membrane biology and cell physiology.