Question

Whereas animal cells drive indirect transport with a Na+ gradient, most other organisms use

A) a glucose gradient.
B) light energy.
C) an H+ gradient.
D) a Ca2+ gradient.
E) osmosis.

Answer 1

Active transport in animal cells is driven by a Na+ gradient, while in most other organisms it is driven by an H+ gradient.

Step-by-step explanation:

Active transport is the process by which substances are transported against their concentration gradient, requiring energy from the cell. In animal cells, active transport is driven by the movement of sodium ions (Na+) across the cell membrane. This creates an electrochemical gradient, which allows other substances to be transported into the cell against their concentration gradient.

Option C) an H+ gradient is the correct answer. H+ ions, also known as protons, are used to power active transport in most other organisms. The movement of H+ ions across a membrane creates an electrochemical gradient, which is used to transport other substances against their concentration gradient.