Final answer:
A vendor invoice is the document that always originates outside a company, detailing the goods or services provided by a supplier and the amount due.
Step-by-step explanation:
The document that always originates outside of a company is the vendor invoice. A vendor invoice is a request for payment sent from a supplier or vendor to the purchasing company, detailing the goods or services provided and the amount due. In contrast, a sales invoice is created by a company and sent to its customers, a purchase order is created by the company to order goods from a supplier, and a receiving report is an internal document generated by the company upon the receipt of goods from a supplier.