Final answer:
When Oprah is not hired by Clean Nuclear Company due to her ethnicity, it is an instance of 'disparate treatment,' which is unlawful discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Step-by-step explanation:
If Oprah applies for a job with Clean Nuclear Company and Clean Nuclear does not hire Oprah because of her ethnicity, this constitutes disparate treatment. Disparate treatment is a form of discrimination that occurs when an individual is treated less favorably than others because of a protected characteristic, such as race or ethnicity. This is in direct violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which explicitly prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The other options listed do not accurately describe the situation: disparate impact refers to policies that affect a particular group more harshly even when the policy is neutral on its face; retaliation involves punishing an employee for filing discrimination complaints or participating in investigations; and harassment refers to unwelcome conduct based on protected characteristics.