Final answer:
Institutional policy, research protocol, informed consent, and peer review are measures that ensure the ethical rights of individual participants are protected.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ethical rights of individual participants are protected through several measures.
- Institutional policy establishes guidelines and ethical standards that researchers must follow to ensure the safety and well-being of participants.
- Research protocol outlines the specific procedures and methods that researchers must adhere to during the study.
- Informed consent is obtained from participants, where they are fully informed about the study's purpose, potential risks, and implications, and they voluntarily agree to participate.
- Peer review is a process where other experts in the field assess the research to ensure it meets ethical standards and scientific rigor.