Final answer:
Fat, waste, and water trapped under the skin are found in the hypodermis layer. This layer is rich in adipose tissue and plays a role in energy storage, insulation, and protection of underlying tissues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Fat, waste, and water trapped underneath the surface of the skin are typically found in the hypodermis, which is also referred to as the subcutaneous tissue. This layer lies below the epidermis and dermis and is not technically part of the skin. It consists of a fatty layer that is rich in adipose tissue and fat-storing cells called adipocytes.
The hypodermis serves several functions, including acting as an energy reserve, insulating the body to prevent heat loss, and providing a cushion to protect underlying structures from trauma. The amount and distribution of fat in the hypodermis are influenced by various hormones like testosterone, estrogen, insulin, and others, along with genetic factors.
Changes in this fat distribution occur as the body matures and ages, with different patterns observed between males and females.