Final answer:
The Hajj is an Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca that is a religious duty for Muslims to perform at least once in their lifetime, given they are physically and financially able. Two important preparations include ensuring the pilgrim's personal health and financial stability, as well as caring arrangements for dependents. The Hajj consists of various rituals performed in Mecca and is one of the five pillars of Islam.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding the Hajj
The Hajj is a central aspect of the Islamic faith and a pilgrimage that every adult Muslim is expected to undertake at least once in their lifetime, provided they have the physical ability and financial capacity to do so.
The Hajj occurs during the last three months of the Islamic lunar calendar, culminating in the most important rituals in the last five to six days of the 12th month, Dhu al-Hijja.
Prior to embarking on the journey, two crucial requirements must be met: first, the person must have achieved physical and financial capability; second, preparations must be made for the family and dependents of the traveler to ensure their well-being during the pilgrim's absence.
During the Hajj, Muslims engage in a series of rituals that take place in and around the holy city of Mecca. Pilgrims arrive by diverse means such as foot, bus, boat, or plane and perform acts of faith which include circling the Ka'aba, running between the hills of Safa and Marwah, partaking in the symbolic stoning of the devil, and engaging in animal sacrifice, either directly or through vouchers.
For those unable to participate in the Hajj due to health or financial reasons, Islamic charitable organizations may provide support. An alternative form of pilgrimage, known as the umra or 'lesser pilgrimage', can be undertaken at other times of the year and while respected, does not fulfill the obligation of the Hajj.