Final answer:
Consumer and business channels may use agents, but the other statements are not necessarily true in all cases. The correct answer is d. Both business and consumer channels may use agents.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is d. Both business and consumer channels may use agents.
Consumer and business channels do have some differences, but all of the statements given are not necessarily true for all cases and can vary depending on the specific industry and market. However, option d is generally true.
In consumer channels, intermediaries like wholesalers and retailers may be involved in the distribution process. These intermediaries help move the products from the manufacturer to the end consumer. On the other hand, in business channels, intermediaries like distributors and agents may be used to facilitate the sale of products or services to other businesses.
Business channels are not necessarily shorter than consumer channels (option a). The length of the channel can vary depending on factors such as the complexity of the product/service, the target market, and the industry.
Business channels may have fewer intermediaries compared to consumer channels, but this is not always the case (option b). Again, it depends on the specific industry and market.
Consumer channels do use intermediaries like wholesalers and retailers, while business channels may use industrial distributors or agents, as mentioned above. Therefore, option c is incorrect.
In summary, the correct answer is d. Both consumer and business channels may use agents, but the other statements are not necessarily true in all cases.