Final answer:
Mark Antony, Caesar's right-hand man, led the charge against the conspirators after Caesar's assassination and formed the Second Triumvirate with Octavian and Lepidus to seize control of Rome.
Step-by-step explanation:
The trusted lieutenant of Caesar who was left in charge of Rome during his absence and later undermined the purposes of the conspirators after Caesar's death was Mark Antony. Mark Antony, in league with Octavian and Lepidus, formed the Second Triumvirate in 43 BCE, which was a formal political arrangement recognized by the Senate.
They launched a successful campaign against the Republic's old loyalists, killing off the men who assassinated Caesar and executing thousands of political opponents.