Final answer:
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) resist compression and form part of the hydrated gels within the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. They contribute to tissue structure, cell-cell recognition, and the regulation of cell behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are specialized molecules that perform many important functions in the body. One key function of glycosaminoglycans is to help form hydrated gels that resist compression, which is essential in tissues that bear weight, such as cartilage in the joints. They are usually linked to proteins to form proteoglycans, which are significant components of the extracellular matrix (ECM).
The extracellular matrix is a network of proteins and polysaccharides, including GAGs, that provide structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. This matrix is found in various connective tissues throughout the body. In addition to providing resistance to compression, GAGs also play a role in cell-cell recognition and the regulation of cell behavior.
Specifically, glycosaminoglycans contribute to the properties of connective tissues by attracting and trapping moisture, which forms the viscous and colorless ground substance that essentially acts as a filler material within the loose connective tissue. This ground substance is part of the extracellular matrix that cushions cells and also influences cell behavior through its interactions with the cell's glycocalyx.