Final answer:
Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had considerable power including the ability to tax, regulate trade, and make treaties. However, the national government faced limitations and challenges due to its subordinate position to the states.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Articles of Confederation granted Congress significant power under the new government structure. Congress had the authority to tax, maintain an army and navy, regulate trade and commerce, coin and borrow money, declare war, establish laws, and more. Additionally, Congress had the power to exchange ambassadors and make treaties with foreign governments. However, the national government under the Articles of Confederation faced limitations and challenges due to its subordinate position to the states and the requirement of unanimous approval to change the Articles.