Final answer:
To calculate the volume of hydrogen chloride (HCI) produced by the reaction of 2.34 L of H₂ and 3.22 L of Cl₂, chlorine is identified as the limiting reactant. Since the reaction stoichiometry is 1:2, the volume of hydrogen chloride formed will be twice the volume of the limiting reactant, resulting in 6.44 L of HCI.
Step-by-step explanation:
Calculating the Volume of Hydrogen Chloride Formed
When hydrogen, H₂, and chlorine, Cl₂, react, they form hydrogen chloride, HCI, according to the equation:
H₂ + Cl₂ → 2 HCI
To calculate the volume of HCI formed by the reaction of 2.34 L of H₂ and 3.22 L of Cl₂, we must first recognize that chlorine (Cl₂) is the limiting reactant, and therefore it will determine the maximum amount of HCI that can be produced. Each mole of Cl₂ can produce two moles of HCI, so the volume of Cl₂ will be completely used up to form HCI. Since there is excess hydrogen, there will still be some unreacted H₂ leftover after the reaction.
If we consider the ideal gas law and that all gases are at constant temperature and pressure, one mole of any gas occupies the same volume as one mole of any other gas under the same conditions. Therefore, 3.22 L of Cl₂ will produce 2 x 3.22 L of HCI because the stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:2. Hence, 6.44 L of HCI will be produced by the complete reaction of 3.22 L of Cl₂ with enough H₂.