Final answer:
Howard Gardner identified the eight different intelligences in his theory of multiple intelligences, which has had significant influence in education despite criticism from some psychologists.
Step-by-step explanation:
The person who identified eight different intelligences, known as multiple intelligences (MIs), is Howard Gardner. Gardner proposed this theory in 1983, delineating the eight intelligences as: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. His theory suggests that traditional IQ tests may not capture the full scope of human intelligence. While Gardner's theory has been critiqued among cognitive psychologists for a lack of empirical evidence, it remains influential and is particularly popular in educational contexts.