Final answer:
Ethernet over single-mode fiber is the suitable network technology for long distances due to its low loss, high bandwidth, and reduced crosstalk, enabling extensive and reliable communication networks.
Step-by-step explanation:
When it comes to network technology that can cover long distances, Ethernet over single-mode fiber is the clear choice. This type of networking utilizes optical fiber cables which allow for data transmission over much greater distances than typical electrical (copper) based systems.
Advantages of optical fiber communication systems include low loss, which allows light to travel several kilometers without significant dimming or need for amplification, and high bandwidth, which enables a larger amount of data to be transferred simultaneously. Additionally, reduced crosstalk is a benefit of using optical fibers as signals in one fiber do not interfere with those in adjacent fibers. These characteristics make it suitable for extensive networks like those used in telephone conversations and Internet communications that span oceans and continents.