Final answer:
The excerpts focus on themes typical of Gothic literature, such as mental disorder, supernatural influence, and psychological turmoil, illustrating the characters' challenges with their mental states and environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The excerpts provided are clear examples of Gothic literature, which often explores complex mental states and the influence of the supernatural or the environment on the human psyche. Gothic texts frequently delve into themes like madness, the effects of isolation, fear, and the supernatural's power over the mind.
The pieces mentioned evoke a sense of psychological disturbance and highlight the fine line between reality and imagination, a characteristic common in Gothic fiction.
The characters in these narratives experience deep mental conflicts, often expressed through a preoccupation with certain ideas or surroundings that profoundly affect their mental and emotional well-being.
In summary, the subject matter discussed in these passages primarily revolves around mental disorder, the supernatural influence on the mind, and the consequences of psychological turmoil.
These themes are depicted through the characters' struggles with their own thoughts, perceptions, and their interactions with their environment, which can be a direct reflection of their internal state.