Final answer:
The student's question on increasing labour mobility and the New International Division of Labour pertains to how labor migration and job reorganization across international borders are stimulated by globalization and shifts in industry types, leading to various socioeconomic impacts, including unemployment and inequality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question on increasing labour mobility and New International Division of Labour (NIDL) refers to the dynamic nature of the global workforce, where advancements in technology and the force of globalization have led to changes in where and how work is performed.
This includes the movement and reorganization of jobs across international borders, which can be influenced by various factors such as the quest for cheaper labor, different levels of environmental regulation, and shifts in the types of industries that dominate economies, like the move from manufacturing to service industries.
The impacts of NIDL can vary, sometimes resulting in higher unemployment in developed countries and growing inequality. Conversely, it can also result in the creation of jobs and opportunities in developing economies.
Historically, mass migrations were driven by the demand for labor in mines, factories, forests, and fields, facilitated by advancements such as the steam engine.
However, modern migration can also be framed by the concept of the NIDL, where the search for cheaper labor and higher profits by global corporations has led to relocation of traditional manufacturing jobs from developed to developing countries. This has stirred political controversy and social unrest, as it affects the power structure within nation-states and the global economy.
Despite the rising inequality that ensued from such globalization, international organizations, policies, and regulations have been established to manage and mitigate its adverse effects.
For example, the International Labour Organization works to address issues like high unemployment and social inequality caused by globalization and the changing world economy. However, there's a continuing debate regarding the role of such organizations and the effectiveness of their efforts in counteracting the disadvantages of the NIDL.