Final answer:
Auditors can issue a qualified opinion when there are violations of GAAP or scope limitations. This means the financial statements are fair except for the matters described by the auditors. Going concern or lack of independence issues would result in a different report.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student has asked when an auditor can issue a qualified opinion. A qualified opinion may be issued by auditors in situations where there has been a violation of GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) or when there are scope limitations. Thus, the correct answer to the question is e. Either A and B. A qualified opinion suggests that except for certain issues that are outlined in the auditor's report, the financial statements are a fair representation of the company's financial position according to GAAP. It does not relate to concerns about going concern or lack of independence, as those issues would typically result in a different type of auditor's report.