Final answer:
Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's culture is the correct standard by which to judge other cultures, viewing one's cultural norms as superior. It stands in contrast to cultural relativism, which evaluates cultures based on their own standards.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to the tendency to presume that our culture is "right" and the standard against which other cultures should be judged is ethnocentrism. This concept involves evaluating and judging another culture based on the standards of one's own culture.
Sociologist William Graham Sumner defined this as the belief or attitude that one's own culture is superior to all others. Ethnocentrism can hinder our ability to appreciate and understand the unique qualities of other cultures, as it involves a perspective that regards one's own cultural norms as the correct measuring standard for everyone else.
In contrast, cultural relativism is the practice of assessing a culture by its own standards, rather than viewing it through the lens of one's own culture. Considering the unique cultural dynamics without the biased perception of ethnocentrism is crucial to fostering a respect for diversity and inclusivity in global interactions.