Final answer:
Two possible explanations for the decreasing prevalence of the utilitarian attitude towards animals in American society are a shift in cultural values and advancements in alternative research methods.
Step-by-step explanation:
There are two possible explanations for the decreasing prevalence of the utilitarian attitude towards animals in American society.
- Shift in cultural values: American society has been experiencing a shift in cultural values where animals are increasingly seen as sentient beings deserving of rights and ethical treatment. This change is driven by increased awareness of animal welfare issues, advancements in animal psychology and behavior studies, and the influence of animal rights organizations.
- Advancements in alternative research methods: Another reason for the decreasing prevalence of the utilitarian attitude towards animals is the development of alternative research methods that reduce or eliminate the need for animal testing. Advances in technologies like in vitro testing, computer simulations, and tissue engineering have made it possible to study and test substances without relying heavily on animal subjects.