Final answer:
To calculate the total amount of energy added when water at -20°C is heated to 80°C, you need to perform three calculations: one for the heating of the ice, one for the phase change, and one for the heating of the liquid water.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the total amount of energy added when water at -20°C is heated to 80°C, we need to consider the different temperature ranges and the phase changes that occur.
First, we need to heat the ice from -20°C to 0°C. The amount of heat energy required to do this can be calculated using the formula Q = m * C * ΔT, where Q is the heat energy, m is the mass, C is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Once the ice reaches 0°C, it undergoes a phase change from solid to liquid, and the heat energy required for this phase change can be calculated using the formula Q = m * L, where L is the heat of fusion.
Once all the ice has melted and we have liquid water, we need to heat the water from 0°C to 80°C. Again, we can use the formula Q = m * C * ΔT to calculate the heat energy required.
In total, we would need to perform three calculations: one for the heating of the ice from -20°C to 0°C, one for the phase change from solid to liquid, and one for the heating of the liquid water from 0°C to 80°C.