Final answer:
Each compression in a longitudinal wave corresponds to the crest of a transverse wave, while each rarefaction in a longitudinal wave corresponds to the trough of a transverse wave.
Step-by-step explanation:
Each compression in the waveform of a longitudinal wave corresponds to the crest of a transverse wave. Longitudinal waves consist of compressions and rarefactions, which are areas of higher and lower pressure respectively, created as the wave propagates through a medium. In the context of transverse waves, the compression of a longitudinal wave is analogous to the peak or crest, and the rarefaction corresponds to the trough. In a transverse wave, the direction of the wave's vibration is perpendicular to the direction of propagation, as opposed to a longitudinal wave where the direction of vibration is parallel.
Both types of waves have a wavelength defined as the distance between two consecutive compressions—or in the case of transverse waves, two consecutive crests or troughs—but their amplitudes and energy dissipation can vary independently of their propagation speed.