Final answer:
When riboflavin is ingested with food, it is converted into FMN and FAD, which are essential for energy metabolism and regulate certain hormones in carbohydrate metabolism.
Step-by-step explanation:
When riboflavin is taken with food, it assists in the process of energy metabolism. It is converted into its two active coenzyme forms, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), after being phosphorylated and linked with an adenosine nucleotide. These coenzymes play critical roles in numerous biochemical reactions, including those involving the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Additionally, riboflavin has a regulatory function on some hormones involved in carbohydrate metabolism. The recommended daily intake range between 1.5 to 2.0 mg/day, depending on the individual's caloric needs. Consuming riboflavin-rich foods such as milk, liver, and egg yolk can help meet these requirements.