Final answer:
It is inferred that women's earning power changes based on age, motherhood, and marital status. Childless women earn comparably to men, but the motherhood penalty may affect women with children, possibly decreasing earning power for women over 45.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the provided information, it can be inferred that women's earning power in the developed world is not uniformly experienced across different age groups. It is indicated that depending on factors such as motherhood and marital status, earnings can vary. While the info doesn't provide a direct comparison by age, it suggests that childless women with similar education and experience as men are paid comparably, hence their earning power could be seen as increasing, or at least stable. However, for women with families, there exists a wage gap due to the motherhood penalty, which potentially lowers their average wages relative to childless women and men.
Further, the data implies that due to women shouldering more household responsibilities and possibly taking time off work, their job experience, particularly in their 30s and 40s, might be less than men's. This could affect women over 45, potentially impacting their earning power negatively. Therefore, while there have been gains in education and the workforce participation of women, the effects on earning power are nuanced and influenced by a range of socio-economic factors.